DNA Profiling Vocabulary Practice

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DNA Profiling

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A forensic technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA sequences.

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Chromosome

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A thread-like structure of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information.

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Gene

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A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein and determines traits.

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Locus (plural: Loci)

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The specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome.

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Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)

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Repeated sequences of DNA used in forensic DNA profiling because they vary between individuals.

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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

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A laboratory technique used to amplify small DNA samples to produce enough for analysis.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

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DNA found in mitochondria, inherited from the mother, often used in forensic cases where nuclear DNA is degraded.

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Y-STR Analysis

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DNA profiling method that examines short tandem repeats on the Y chromosome, useful for male lineage identification.

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CODIS (Combined DNA Index System)

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A national database maintained by the FBI that stores DNA profiles for criminal investigations.

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Touch DNA

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DNA left behind from skin cells when a person touches an object.