Geological and Geographical Terms

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Weathering

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The process of breaking down rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms.

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Physical weathering

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The mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals without changing their chemical composition.

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Chemical weathering

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The process of breaking down rocks through chemical reactions, often involving water and atmospheric gases.

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Weathering Agents

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Natural forces that cause weathering, such as water, wind, ice, and biological organisms.

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Biological weathering

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The breakdown of rocks by living organisms, such as plants and animals.

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Sediment

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Particles of rock, minerals, or organic material that are transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice.

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Erosion

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The process by which weathered rock and soil are moved from one location to another.

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Wind erosion

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The removal and transportation of soil and rock particles by wind.

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Water erosion

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The removal and transportation of soil and rock particles by water.

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Gravity

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A natural force that causes the movement of rock and soil downhill.