Protein Synthesis Flashcard

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins; they are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are peptide bonds?

Back

Peptide bonds are the chemical bonds that link amino acids together in a protein.

Front

What is the start codon?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What are the stop codons?

Back

Stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) signal the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA is translated into proteins.