Mid Term EMR Unit 1-4

Front

What is the leading cause of death related to the circulatory system in the U.S.?

Back

Coronary artery disease

Answer explanation

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death related to the circulatory system in the U.S., as it leads to heart attacks and other serious complications, making it more prevalent than stroke, hypertension, or congestive heart failure.

Front

A patient experiencing chest discomfort that lasts more than a few minutes and spreads to the left arm may be suffering from:

Back

A heart attack

Answer explanation

Chest discomfort lasting more than a few minutes and radiating to the left arm is a classic symptom of a heart attack, indicating potential heart muscle damage due to reduced blood flow.

Front

Which symptom is more commonly reported in women experiencing a heart attack?

Back

Shortness of breath and nausea

Answer explanation

Women often report atypical symptoms during a heart attack, with shortness of breath and nausea being more common than severe chest pain. This highlights the importance of recognizing these signs for timely medical intervention.

Front

Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?

• Smoking
• Lack of exercise
• Family history
• Poor diet

Back

Family history

Answer explanation

Family history is a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease, as it relates to genetics and cannot be changed. In contrast, smoking, lack of exercise, and poor diet are modifiable risk factors.

Front

A heart attack occurs due to:

Back

A blockage in a coronary artery

Answer explanation

A heart attack occurs primarily due to a blockage in a coronary artery, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to damage. The other options do not directly cause a heart attack.

Front

A patient is experiencing Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib). What is the best course of action?

Back

Use an AED immediately

Answer explanation

In cases of Ventricular Fibrillation, immediate defibrillation is crucial. Using an AED can restore normal heart rhythm, while other options like aspirin or rescue breathing are ineffective in this emergency.

Front

What is the first step in treating a suspected heart attack?

Back

Activate EMS

Answer explanation

The first step in treating a suspected heart attack is to activate EMS. This ensures that professional medical help is on the way, which is crucial for timely intervention and treatment.

Front

The recommended compression depth for adult CPR is:

Back

2 inches

Answer explanation

The recommended compression depth for adult CPR is 2 inches. This depth ensures effective blood circulation during resuscitation efforts, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

Front

The correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for an adult in single-rescuer CPR is:

Back

30:2

Answer explanation

The correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult single-rescuer CPR is 30:2, meaning 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This ratio is recommended to ensure effective circulation and oxygenation.

Front

Which situation requires the use of an AED?

Back

A patient who is unconscious, has no pulse, and is not breathing

Answer explanation

An AED is required for a patient who is unconscious, has no pulse, and is not breathing, as this indicates cardiac arrest. The other situations do not necessitate immediate defibrillation.