AP Bio Review Topic 1.5: Macromolecules

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the basic building block of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What type of bond links amino acids together in a protein?

Back

Peptide bond.

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates provide energy and serve as structural components.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A type of lipid that contains a phosphate group, forming the bilayer of cell membranes.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix made of two strands of nucleotides, with complementary base pairing.