Acids, Bases, & pH

Front

What is the definition of an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is the definition of a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What does pH measure?

Back

pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] in a solution, indicating its acidity or basicity.

Front

What is the pH of pure water at 25°C?

Back

The pH of pure water at 25°C is 7, which is considered neutral.

Front

How is pH calculated from [H+] concentration?

Back

pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Front

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Back

pH + pOH = 14, which shows the inverse relationship between acidity and basicity.

Front

If the pH of a solution is 5, what is the [H+] concentration?

Back

[H+] = 1.0 x 10^-5 M.

Front

If the pH of an acid is 3, what is its pOH?

Back

pOH = 11.

Front

What is the pH of a 1 x 10^-3 M solution of HNO3?

Back

The pH is 3.

Front

What is the range of the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.