Unit 4: DNA to Protein

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

Front

What type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is a mutagen?

Back

A mutagen is an agent that causes changes (mutations) in the DNA sequence.

Front

Give an example of a mutagen.

Back

Examples of mutagens include UV radiation and X-rays.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA.

Front

What is a peptide bond?

Back

A peptide bond is a covalent bond that links amino acids together in a protein.

Front

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Back

A codon consists of three nucleotides.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the end codon in mRNA?

Back

The end codons (stop codons) are UAA, UAG, and UGA, signaling the termination of protein synthesis.