Semester 1 final 24-25: atoms, PT, E-Config and bonding

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed when two nonmetals share one or more pairs of electrons.

Front

What is the correct Lewis structure for water?

Back

The correct Lewis structure for water (H2O) shows the oxygen atom in the center with two hydrogen atoms bonded to it, and two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen.

Front

What does Hund's rule state?

Back

Hund's rule states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals.

Front

What is the atomic number of an atom?

Back

The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in its nucleus, which determines the element's identity.

Front

What charge does an electron have?

Back

An electron has a negative charge.

Front

What is the periodic table?

Back

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of elements organized by increasing atomic number, where elements with similar properties are grouped together.

Front

What is the difference between metals and nonmetals?

Back

Metals are typically shiny, conductive, and malleable, while nonmetals are usually dull, insulative, and brittle.

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed through the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, resulting in the attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.

Front

What is electron configuration?

Back

Electron configuration is the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals, described using the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle.

Front

What is the significance of the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.