Periodic Trends & Lewis Dot Structures

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

Which element has the smallest ionization energy: sulfur, calcium, potassium, or copper?

Back

Potassium has the smallest ionization energy among these elements.

Front

What is the trend in ionization energy across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

What is the trend in ionization energy down a group?

Back

Ionization energy generally decreases down a group due to increased distance from the nucleus and electron shielding.

Front

What are Lewis Dot Structures?

Back

Lewis Dot Structures are diagrams that represent the valence electrons of an atom as dots around the element's symbol.

Front

How many valence electrons does magnesium have?

Back

Magnesium has 2 valence electrons.

Front

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius: sulfur, chlorine, selenium, or bromine?

Back

Chlorine has the smallest atomic radius among these elements.

Front

What is the trend in atomic radius across a period?

Back

Atomic radius generally decreases across a period from left to right due to increased nuclear charge pulling electrons closer.

Front

What is the trend in atomic radius down a group?

Back

Atomic radius generally increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells.

Front

How many electrons can be held in the 1st energy level (shell)?

Back

The 1st energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.