Biochem Flashcardizz Review

Front

What is a polysaccharide?

Back

A polysaccharide is a carbohydrate made up of long chains of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. Examples include starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Front

What macromolecule do polysaccharides belong to?

Back

Polysaccharides belong to the macromolecule category of carbohydrates.

Front

What happens to enzymes when they are heated to high temperatures?

Back

Enzymes can become denatured, meaning their three-dimensional structure is altered, which affects their functionality.

Front

What is the effect of adding an appropriate enzyme to a chemical reaction?

Back

The addition of an appropriate enzyme increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction.

Front

What are phospholipids composed of?

Back

Phospholipids consist of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

What elements make up carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in a ratio of 1:2:1.

Front

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is denaturation in the context of enzymes?

Back

Denaturation refers to the process where an enzyme's structure is altered, rendering it inactive due to factors like heat or pH changes.

Front

What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzyme activity is highly dependent on temperature and pH; extreme conditions can lead to denaturation and loss of function.