Gerunds, Participles & Infinitives

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What is a gerund?

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A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in a sentence. For example, 'Swimming is fun.'

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What is a participle?

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A participle is a verb form that can function as an adjective. It can be present (ending in -ing) or past (usually ending in -ed). For example, 'The running water is cold.'

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What is an infinitive?

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An infinitive is the base form of a verb, usually preceded by 'to'. For example, 'to run', 'to eat', 'to play'.

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Identify the verbal in the sentence: 'Running is my favorite hobby.'

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Running is a gerund.

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Identify the verbal in the sentence: 'The broken vase was on the floor.'

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Broken is a past participle.

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Identify the verbal in the sentence: 'She wants to learn how to dance.'

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To learn is an infinitive.

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How do gerunds function in a sentence?

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Gerunds function as nouns in a sentence.

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How do participles function in a sentence?

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Participles function as adjectives in a sentence.

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How do infinitives function in a sentence?

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Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence.

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Give an example of a gerund used in a sentence.

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Example: 'Reading helps improve vocabulary.'