Earth Science Flashcard

Front

What does the theory of plate tectonics explain?

Back

The theory of plate tectonics explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move over the asthenosphere, leading to geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.

Front

What are convergent plate boundaries?

Back

Convergent plate boundaries are areas where two tectonic plates move towards each other, often resulting in the formation of mountains, ocean trenches, and volcanic activity.

Front

What is the hydrosphere?

Back

The hydrosphere includes all of Earth's water in the form of oceans, glaciers, lakes, rivers, and groundwater.

Front

What is a fault in geology?

Back

A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, which can cause earthquakes when the blocks move.

Front

What is the difference between a ridge and a rift valley?

Back

A ridge is formed at divergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates move apart, while a rift valley is a lowland region formed by the sinking of the Earth's crust between two faults.

Front

What is seismic activity?

Back

Seismic activity refers to the frequency and intensity of earthquakes and other ground-shaking phenomena caused by the movement of tectonic plates.

Front

What is the significance of ocean trenches?

Back

Ocean trenches are deep, narrow depressions in the ocean floor formed at convergent plate boundaries, where one plate is subducted beneath another.

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What are the main components of the atmosphere?

Back

The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and trace gases, including carbon dioxide, argon, and water vapor.

Front

What is the role of telescopes in Earth science?

Back

Telescopes are used in Earth science to observe celestial objects and phenomena, providing valuable data for understanding the universe.

Front

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Back

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions in a specific place, while climate is the long-term average of weather patterns in a region.