UY Biology Semester 1 Study Guide

Front

What is density-independent regulation in population growth?

Back

Density-independent factors are environmental factors that affect population growth regardless of its size or density, such as natural disasters or climate changes.

Front

What occurs to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

A cell placed in a hypotonic solution swells as water enters the cell due to osmosis.

Front

What is a secondary consumer in a food chain?

Back

A secondary consumer is an organism that eats primary consumers; for example, a mouse that eats grasshoppers.

Front

What is the Rule of 10 in energy transfer?

Back

The Rule of 10 states that only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next level in a food chain.

Front

What is a predator-prey relationship?

Back

A predator-prey relationship is an interaction where one organism (the predator) hunts and eats another organism (the prey), such as a bear hunting fish.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is a food chain?

Back

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

Front

What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

Back

Producers, such as plants, convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.

Front

What is a primary consumer?

Back

A primary consumer is an organism that eats producers; for example, a grasshopper that eats grass.

Front

Explain the concept of carrying capacity.

Back

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support.