SPS6. Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Front

What is a solution?

Back

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent).

Front

What is solubility?

Back

Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature and pressure.

Front

What factors affect the rate of solubility?

Back

The rate of solubility is affected by temperature, stirring, surface area of the solute, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is a saturated solution?

Back

A saturated solution is a solution that has reached its maximum concentration of solute at a given temperature, meaning no more solute can dissolve.

Front

What is an unsaturated solution?

Back

An unsaturated solution is a solution that contains less solute than it can potentially dissolve at a given temperature.

Front

What is a solubility curve?

Back

A solubility curve is a graph that shows the relationship between solubility and temperature for a specific solute.

Front

How does temperature affect solubility?

Back

Generally, for most solids, solubility increases with an increase in temperature, while for gases, solubility decreases with an increase in temperature.

Front

What is the effect of surface area on the rate of dissolving?

Back

Increasing the surface area of a solute (e.g., using smaller pieces) increases the rate at which it dissolves.