AP Bio Enzymes Level 2

Front

What is activation energy in enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, including the energy needed to break bonds in the reactants.

Front

What happens to the reaction rate at high reactant concentrations?

Back

The reaction rate plateaus because most enzyme molecules are occupied by substrate, limiting the rate of reaction.

Front

What is a competitive inhibitor?

Back

A competitive inhibitor is a substance that resembles the substrate and competes for binding to the active site of an enzyme, thereby reducing the rate of reaction.

Front

What is the role of succinate in the reaction catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase?

Back

Succinate is the substrate that is converted to fumarate by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase.

Front

What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase?

Back

The product of the reaction is fumarate.

Front

What is feedback inhibition in enzymatic reactions?

Back

Feedback inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved in its synthesis, preventing overproduction.

Front

What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme, while noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a different site, reducing the enzyme's activity regardless of substrate concentration.

Front

What does it mean for a reaction to reach equilibrium?

Back

A reaction reaches equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in constant concentrations of reactants and products.

Front

How does increasing substrate concentration affect enzyme activity?

Back

Increasing substrate concentration initially increases the reaction rate until a maximum velocity (Vmax) is reached, beyond which the rate levels off.

Front

What is an allosteric regulator?

Back

An allosteric regulator is a molecule that binds to an enzyme at a site other than the active site, causing a change in enzyme shape and activity.