Transcription vs. Translation

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process of converting the sequence of an mRNA molecule into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Front

Where does translation occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template during transcription.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid.