APES Unit 1 Review

Front

What is Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?

Back

NPP is the rate at which all the plants in an ecosystem produce net useful chemical energy, calculated as the difference between the energy produced by photosynthesis and the energy lost through respiration.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

Why does the ocean have the highest NPP of any biome?

Back

The ocean is dramatically larger than every other biome, and it has phytoplankton as primary producers, which are highly efficient in converting sunlight into energy.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

What is the energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels?

Back

Typically, only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, meaning 90% is lost as heat and through metabolic processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

What do producers rely on to release chemical energy?

Back

Producers rely on photosynthesis to convert sunlight into chemical energy.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

What do consumers rely on to release chemical energy?

Back

Consumers rely on cellular respiration to convert the chemical energy stored in food into usable energy.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Front

What are nonrenewable resources?

Back

Nonrenewable resources are energy sources that exist in fixed amounts and cannot be easily replaced, such as fossil fuels.

Front

What is the primary role of phytoplankton in marine ecosystems?

Back

Phytoplankton are primary producers that convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the marine food web.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

How much energy is typically lost between trophic levels?

Back

About 90% of energy is lost between trophic levels.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

What is the significance of the 10% rule in ecology?

Back

The 10% rule indicates that only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is available to the next, impacting population dynamics and ecosystem structure.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Front

Define cellular respiration.

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3