Checkpoint #2 Plasma Membrane and Cell Transport

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing cells to lose water and shrink.

Front

What happens to a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

The red blood cell crenates or shrivels due to water moving out of the cell.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy.

Front

List the types of passive transport.

Back

1. Simple diffusion 2. Facilitated diffusion 3. Osmosis

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

Name a type of active transport.

Back

Examples include endocytosis, exocytosis, and the sodium-potassium pump.

Front

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

A transport protein that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, against their concentration gradients.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is a molecule that makes up the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic phosphate head and two hydrophobic fatty acid tails.