Thermal Energy

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What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, which is related to its temperature.

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Front

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles in a substance as it cools down?

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Kinetic energy decreases.

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What is thermal equilibrium?

Back

Thermal equilibrium is when all substances in a system reach the same temperature.

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What method of thermal energy transfer involves the movement of fluids?

Back

Convection.

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What happens to the temperature of a substance when it reaches thermal equilibrium with its surroundings?

Back

It remains constant.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

In which direction does thermal energy transfer between two objects at different temperatures?

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From warmer to cooler object.

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What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between materials.

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What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids (liquids and gases).

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What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves, such as light.

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What is an insulator?

Back

An insulator is a material that does not conduct thermal energy well, reducing heat transfer.

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