AP Biology Midterm

Front

What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis?

Back

Meiosis results in four genetically diverse daughter cells with half the chromosome number, while mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number.

Front

What is the role of lysosomes in cellular respiration?

Back

Lysosomes break down macromolecules to provide necessary nutrients for cellular respiration.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Front

What are the components produced from the hydrolysis of nucleic acids?

Back

The hydrolysis of nucleic acids produces nucleotides, which include a sugar (pentose), a phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil).

Front

What does the fluid mosaic model describe?

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the plasma membrane, where lipids and proteins can move laterally within the layer, allowing for flexibility and fluidity.

Front

What is the probability of a child having blood type AB from a parent with blood type A and another with blood type AB?

Back

The probability is 0.25, as the possible blood types for the children are A, B, and AB.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Front

Define chromatid.

Back

A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, which is joined to the other half by a centromere.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Front

What is recombination in meiosis?

Back

Recombination is the process during meiosis where genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, leading to genetic diversity.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Front

What is the significance of phosphate in nucleic acids?

Back

Phosphate groups are essential components of nucleotides, linking them together to form the backbone of DNA and RNA.

Front

What is the role of proteins in the plasma membrane?

Back

Proteins in the plasma membrane serve various functions, including transport, signaling, and acting as receptors.