UNIT 7: Rocks, Minerals, & Soil

Front

What type of igneous rock has a high silica content?

Back

Felsic rocks are igneous rocks that have a high silica content, typically greater than 65%.

Front

What does the presence of a glassy mineral with no visible crystals indicate about its formation?

Back

It indicates that the mineral was formed by rapidly cooling magma, which prevents crystal formation.

Front

What is geosmin and why is it significant in the desert?

Back

Geosmin is a compound produced by certain bacteria in the soil that gives a distinct earthy smell, attracting camels to water sources.

Front

Which sphere of the Earth is primarily involved in the formation of soil?

Back

The Lithosphere is primarily involved in the formation of soil, as it consists of rocks and minerals that break down to form soil.

Front

Which soil particle is the smallest?

Back

Clay is the smallest soil particle, with a diameter less than 0.002 mm.

Front

Define igneous rock.

Back

Igneous rock is formed from the solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava).

Front

What is the difference between mafic and felsic rocks?

Back

Mafic rocks are rich in magnesium and iron, while felsic rocks are rich in silica and aluminum.

Front

Explain the rock cycle.

Back

The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks are formed, broken down, and reformed through geological processes such as erosion, sedimentation, and metamorphism.

Front

What role does the hydrosphere play in soil formation?

Back

The hydrosphere contributes water, which is essential for weathering of rocks and the transport of minerals, aiding in soil formation.

Front

What is the significance of soil texture?

Back

Soil texture affects water retention, drainage, and nutrient availability, influencing plant growth and soil health.