DNA and RNA

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What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

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What is RNA?

Back

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a single-stranded molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins by carrying instructions from DNA.

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What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

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What is a missense mutation?

Back

A missense mutation is a type of mutation that results in a change in one amino acid in a protein, which can affect the protein's function.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A nonsense mutation is a mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the protein sequence, leading to a truncated protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

What is a frame shift mutation?

Back

A frame shift mutation occurs when one or more bases are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the gene.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Front

Where is DNA located in the cell?

Back

DNA is primarily located in the cell nucleus.

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What is protein synthesis?

Back

Protein synthesis is the process by which genetic information is translated from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Front

What is a codon wheel?

Back

A codon wheel is a tool used to decode mRNA sequences into the corresponding amino acids.