USA 4 Review

Front

What is the primary function of DNA replication in adult human somatic cells?

Back

To prepare to create a new cell that contains the same genetic information.

Front

Why can scientists insert the gene for firefly glow into bacterial cells?

Back

The firefly and bacteria share a common genetic code.

Front

What process is shown in the diagram that involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA?

Back

Transcription.

Front

Which condition is NOT necessary for using DNA sequences to determine relatedness of species?

Back

The DNA sequence of all organisms on Earth is the same.

Front

What amino acid sequence is coded for by the mRNA segment AUG-CCC-CAC-GAA-UAC?

Back

Met-Pro-His-Glu-Tyr.

Front

Define DNA replication.

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

Explain the significance of the genetic code being universal.

Back

It allows genes from one organism to be expressed in another organism, facilitating genetic engineering.

Front

What is transcription in the context of molecular biology?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from DNA, while translation is the synthesis of proteins from mRNA.