Biology Final Exam Spring 23

Front

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Back

To regulate what enters and leaves the cell.

Front

What are the two main steps of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and translation.

Front

Which amino acid pairs with the codon AAC?

Back

Thr (Threonine)

Front

What results in a frameshift mutation?

Back

Insertions and deletions of nucleotides.

Front

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells contain DNA in a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

Define translation in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Translation is the process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein function.