REVIEW: Honors Biology Fall Finals 2024

Front

What is a bacteriophage?

Back

A bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects and replicates within bacteria.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein.

Front

What are the stages of the cell cycle in order?

Back

The stages of the cell cycle in order are G1, S, G2, and M.

Front

During which stage of the cell cycle does DNA duplication occur?

Back

DNA duplication occurs during the S (Synthesis) phase of the cell cycle.

Front

What is a missense substitution mutation?

Back

A missense substitution mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid.

Front

Define endospore.

Back

An endospore is a resistant, dormant structure formed by some bacteria that can survive extreme conditions.

Front

What is the function of plasmids in bacteria?

Back

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules in bacteria that can carry genes, often providing advantages such as antibiotic resistance.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A nonsense mutation is a mutation that changes an amino acid codon into a stop codon, leading to premature termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that shift the reading frame of the genetic message.

Front

What is the role of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The G1 phase is the first stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication.