iHub Chemistry Study Guide Unit 1

Front

What property of water allows it to stick together and help transport materials in organisms?

Back

Adhesion and cohesion.

Front

When are elements considered stable?

Back

When their valence electron shell is complete.

Front

What types of elements bond to create salts?

Back

Metals and non-metals.

Front

What is the smallest unit of a substance or matter?

Back

Atom.

Front

Why is the formula for calcium chloride CaCl2?

Back

Calcium is in column 2 making its ion 2+, while Chlorine is in column 7 making its ion 1-. The ratio will be 2:1.

Front

What is the universal solvent in chemistry?

Back

Water.

Front

What is the significance of water's high heat capacity?

Back

It helps regulate temperature in organisms and environments.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Front

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Back

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.

Front

What is the pH scale used for?

Back

To measure the acidity or basicity of a solution.