Sampling Methods

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What is a simple random sample?

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A sampling method where every individual has an equal chance of being selected. For example, assigning numbers to cars in a dealership and using a random number generator to select which cars to inspect.

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What is a voluntary response sample?

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A sampling method where individuals choose to participate. For example, a teacher selects the first five students who raise their hands to answer a question.

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What is a convenience sample?

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A sampling method where individuals are selected based on their easy availability. For example, interviewing the first 30 students who enter the school in the morning.

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What is a systematic sample?

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A sampling method where individuals are selected at regular intervals from a list. For example, selecting every 10th name from an alphabetical list of students.

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What is sampling bias?

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A systematic error that occurs when the sample is not representative of the population. For example, interviewing only customers who are willing to talk may lead to biased results.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative sampling?

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Qualitative sampling focuses on understanding characteristics or qualities, while quantitative sampling focuses on numerical data and statistics.

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What is stratified sampling?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and random samples are taken from each stratum. This ensures representation from all subgroups.

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What is cluster sampling?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into clusters, and entire clusters are randomly selected. For example, selecting random classrooms in a school to survey all students in those classes.

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What is the purpose of sampling in research?

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To gather data and make inferences about a larger population without surveying every individual.

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What is a population in the context of sampling?

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The entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn.