Experiments AP Exam Review

Front

What is the purpose of conducting experiments in scientific research?

Back

To test hypotheses, gather data, and validate or refute theories.

Front

Define a controlled variable in an experiment.

Back

A controlled variable is a factor that is kept constant to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.

Front

What is the difference between independent and dependent variables?

Back

The independent variable is manipulated by the researcher, while the dependent variable is measured to assess the effect of the independent variable.

Front

Explain the significance of a control group in an experiment.

Back

A control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the independent variable, helping to isolate the variable's impact.

Front

What is a hypothesis?

Back

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.

Front

Describe the scientific method.

Back

The scientific method is a systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.

Front

What is the role of replication in experiments?

Back

Replication ensures that results are consistent and reliable, reducing the likelihood that findings are due to chance.

Front

Define qualitative data and provide an example.

Back

Qualitative data is descriptive and non-numerical, such as colors, textures, or feelings.

Front

Define quantitative data and provide an example.

Back

Quantitative data is numerical and can be measured, such as height, weight, or temperature.

Front

What is the importance of sample size in experiments?

Back

A larger sample size increases the reliability of results and reduces the impact of outliers.