AP Bio Midterm Review

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body. They can be denatured, losing their functionality.

Front

What happens to enzymes when placed in boiling water?

Back

Enzymes can be denatured when placed in boiling water, causing them to lose their structure and become inactive.

Front

What is the main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The rough ER is primarily responsible for the synthesis and packaging of proteins due to the presence of ribosomes on its surface.

Front

What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The smooth ER is involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of certain chemicals.

Front

What does turgor pressure in plant cells indicate?

Back

Turgor pressure is the pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall, which helps maintain the plant's structure and rigidity.

Front

What does it mean for a cell to be hypertonic compared to its solution?

Back

A hypertonic cell has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the surrounding solution, leading to water moving out of the cell.

Front

What evidence supports the claim that a cell originated from a free-living prokaryotic cell?

Back

The presence of a double membrane around the organelle suggests it may have originated from a prokaryotic cell through endosymbiosis.

Front

What is surface tension in water?

Back

Surface tension is the cohesive force between water molecules at the surface, allowing small objects, like insects, to walk on water.

Front

What role do hydrogen bonds play in water's properties?

Back

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules contribute to water's high surface tension, specific heat, and solvent capabilities.

Front

What is the difference between a hypotonic and hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cell, causing water to enter the cell, while a hypertonic solution has a higher concentration, causing water to leave.