Protein Synthesis & Mutations Flashcard

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What is a Duplication Mutation?

Back

A Duplication Mutation occurs when a part of a chromosome is repeated, resulting in extra copies of genes.

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What determines the information in a DNA molecule?

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The order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases determines the code or information of a DNA molecule.

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What is a Substitution Mutation?

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A Substitution Mutation is a type of mutation where one nitrogen base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the mRNA sequence that pairs with the DNA strand GTAGTCA?

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The mRNA sequence that matches GTAGTCA is CAUCAGU.

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What is Translation in protein synthesis?

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Translation is the process where messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

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What is Transcription?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into messenger RNA.

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What is a Point Mutation?

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A Point Mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

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What is a Deletion Mutation?

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A Deletion Mutation occurs when a part of a chromosome is removed or lost.

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What is an Insertion Mutation?

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An Insertion Mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are added into a DNA sequence.

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What is a Frameshift Mutation?

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A Frameshift Mutation is caused by insertions or deletions that change the reading frame of the genetic message.