Honors - Molarity - Dilutions

Front

What is molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Front

What is a solute?

Back

A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Example: Sugar in water.

Front

What is a solvent?

Back

A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution. Example: Water.

Front

How do you calculate molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is the molar mass of NaCl?

Back

The molar mass of NaCl (Sodium Chloride) is approximately 58.45 g/mol.

Front

How many moles are in 6 grams of NaCl?

Back

Moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol). For 6 g of NaCl: Moles = 6 g / 58.45 g/mol ≈ 0.102 moles.

Front

What is the relationship between molarity and dilution?

Back

Dilution involves adding more solvent to a solution, decreasing its molarity while keeping the number of moles of solute constant.

Front

What is the formula for dilution?

Back

The formula for dilution is M1V1 = M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume.

Front

If you have a 3M solution and dilute it to 1L, what is the new molarity if you add 1L of water?

Back

The new molarity is 1.5M.

Front

What is the effect of increasing the amount of solute on molarity?

Back

Increasing the amount of solute while keeping the volume constant increases the molarity.