Midterm Review- Biology

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

Back

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interconnected; the products of one process serve as the reactants for the other, creating a cycle of energy transformation.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that has a pH greater than 7 and can accept protons or donate electron pairs in reactions.

Front

Where does the carbon used in glucose formation come from?

Back

The carbon used to form glucose comes from carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air.

Front

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The Calvin Cycle is a series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose.

Front

Where is glucose synthesized in plants?

Back

Glucose is synthesized in the Calvin Cycle, which takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Front

What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

Back

The primary function of lipids is energy storage, providing a concentrated source of energy for the body.

Front

What are autotrophs?

Back

Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, such as plants and some bacteria.