AP Physics 1 Work/Energy Review

Front

What is the work-energy principle?

Back

The work-energy principle states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy. Mathematically, this is expressed as: Work = ΔK = K_final - K_initial.

Front

Define kinetic energy (KE).

Back

Front

Define potential energy (PE).

Back

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration. For gravitational potential energy, it is given by: PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of mechanical energy?

Back

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that in the absence of non-conservative forces (like friction), the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) of a system remains constant.

Front

How does friction affect mechanical energy?

Back

Friction is a non-conservative force that converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, leading to a decrease in the total mechanical energy of the system.

Front

What is the coefficient of kinetic friction?

Back

The coefficient of kinetic friction (μ_k) is a dimensionless constant that represents the ratio of the force of kinetic friction between two bodies to the normal force pressing them together.

Front

Explain the relationship between work and energy.

Back

Work is the process of energy transfer to or from an object via the application of force along a displacement. The work done on an object results in a change in its energy.

Front

What happens to potential energy as an object falls?

Back

As an object falls, its gravitational potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, keeping the total mechanical energy constant (in the absence of air resistance).

Front

What is the formula for calculating work done by a constant force?

Back

The work done by a constant force is calculated using the formula: Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

Front

Define total mechanical energy.

Back

Total mechanical energy is the sum of an object's kinetic energy and potential energy: Total Mechanical Energy = KE + PE.