Enlightenment/Age of Reason

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What values characterized the Enlightenment (Age of Reason)?

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Reason, scientific explanation, and critical thinking.

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What societal shift did the Enlightenment help bring about?

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From absolute monarchies to modern democratic ideals.

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What is the significance of Locke’s 'Two Treatises of Government'?

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It advocates for the social contract and the idea that government exists to protect natural rights.

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What does Locke mean by the term 'tabula rasa'?

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The mind starts empty and gains knowledge through experience.

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Which work compiled knowledge to emphasize education and societal progress during the Enlightenment?

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The Encyclopedia of Diderot and D’Alembert.

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What is the Enlightenment?

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A philosophical movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.

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Who is considered the father of liberalism?

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John Locke.

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What is the social contract theory?

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The idea that individuals consent to form a government that will protect their rights in exchange for some of their freedoms.

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What did Rousseau argue in 'The Social Contract'?

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That legitimate political authority relies on a social contract agreed upon by all citizens.

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What role did reason play in the Enlightenment?

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Reason was seen as the primary source of authority and legitimacy, challenging traditional beliefs.