Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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What is the expected genotypic ratio from a cross between a homozygous recessive and a heterozygous individual?

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The expected genotypic ratio is 1:1.

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What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous?

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An organism is homozygous when it has two identical alleles for a particular trait.

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What does it mean for an organism to be heterozygous?

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An organism is heterozygous when it has two different alleles for a particular trait.

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What is the law of segregation?

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The law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.