PLTW MI: Unit 1 Review

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What is a pathogen?

Back

A pathogen is a microorganism, such as a virus, bacterium, or fungus, that can cause disease in a host organism.

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What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that specifically recognize and bind to antigens (foreign substances) to help neutralize or eliminate them.

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What is the purpose of vaccines?

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Vaccines are biological preparations that provide acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease by activating the adaptive immune response.

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What does PCR stand for and what is its primary use?

Back

PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction, and it is primarily used to copy DNA sequences.

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What is the function of cochlear implants?

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Cochlear implants are electronic devices that bypass damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulate the auditory nerve to provide a sense of sound to individuals with profound hearing loss.

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What is the adaptive immune response?

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The adaptive immune response is a specific immune response that is activated by exposure to antigens, leading to the production of antibodies and memory cells.

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What is the significance of DNA sequencing in identifying pathogens?

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DNA sequencing allows scientists to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides in a pathogen's DNA, which can be compared to known sequences to identify the organism.

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What is BLAST in the context of genetics?

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BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) is a bioinformatics tool used to compare an unknown DNA sequence against a database of known sequences to find similarities.

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What is recombinant DNA technology?

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Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations that are of value in research, medicine, and agriculture.

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What are the limitations of cochlear implants?

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Cochlear implants may not be effective for everyone, and their success can vary based on factors such as age of implantation and duration of hearing loss.