Energy Review

Front

What is temperature?

Back

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, indicating how hot or cold it is.

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance, which depends on the temperature and the number of particles.

Front

What is gravitational potential energy (GPE)?

Back

Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, calculated using the formula GPE = mgh.

Front

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

Back

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

How do you calculate gravitational potential energy?

Back

GPE is calculated using the formula GPE = mass (m) × gravity (g) × height (h).

Front

What is an example of energy transformation?

Back

An example of energy transformation is a pencil sharpener converting electrical energy into mechanical energy (for spinning), sound energy (noise), and thermal energy (heat).

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion, calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?

Back

Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles, while thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance.

Front

What is an example of thermal energy in everyday life?

Back

An example of thermal energy is the heat produced by a stove when cooking food.

Front

What happens to energy in a closed system?

Back

In a closed system, the total energy remains constant; energy can change forms but cannot be lost or gained.