Biology EOC review #1

Front

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

Back

The rough ER is a type of endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface, giving it a 'rough' appearance. It is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins.

Front

What are the two reactants of cellular respiration?

Back

The two reactants of cellular respiration are glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (6O2).

Front

Which structures are NOT found in animal cells?

Back

Chloroplasts and cell walls are not found in animal cells; these structures are typically found in plant cells.

Front

What is an independent variable in an experiment?

Back

An independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable. In the plant growth experiment, the type of liquid is the independent variable.

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a group of organic molecules that are insoluble in water, including fats, oils, and phospholipids. They are important for energy storage, insulation, and making up cell membranes.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in cells?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell, as they generate ATP through the process of cellular respiration.

Front

What is a cell wall?

Back

A cell wall is a rigid outer layer found in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria, providing structural support and protection.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms without a nucleus (e.g., bacteria), while eukaryotic cells are more complex, can be unicellular or multicellular, and have a nucleus (e.g., plants, animals).