Cell Transport Review

Front

What is the main function of a protein pump in cell transport?

Back

A protein pump actively transports ions or molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, using ATP for energy.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and potentially burst.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy (ATP), typically along the concentration gradient.

Front

What is plasmolysis?

Back

Plasmolysis is the process where a cell loses water in a hypertonic solution, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall.

Front

What type of solution causes a cell to shrink?

Back

A hypertonic solution causes a cell to shrink as water moves out of the cell.

Front

Explain facilitated diffusion.

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses protein channels to help move molecules across the cell membrane along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy.

Front

What is the role of ATP in active transport?

Back

ATP provides the energy needed for active transport to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.