DNA and RNA Structures and Functions Flashcard

Front

Why is DNA important?

Back

It serves as the blueprint for making proteins.

Front

What does a nucleotide include?

Back

A nucleotide includes deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen containing base.

Front

Guanine bonds with which base?

Back

Cytosine.

Front

What forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Back

Deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate.

Front

Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Back

mRNA.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is the role of tRNA?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.