Food Web Review

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What is a food web?

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A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem, showing how energy and nutrients flow through different trophic levels.

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What are trophic levels?

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Trophic levels are the hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, defined by how organisms obtain energy. They include producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers.

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What is a producer?

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A producer is an organism that can make its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, typically plants and some bacteria.

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What is a primary consumer?

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A primary consumer is an organism that eats producers; they are herbivores that obtain energy by consuming plants.

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What is a secondary consumer?

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A secondary consumer is an organism that eats primary consumers; they can be carnivores or omnivores.

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What is a tertiary consumer?

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A tertiary consumer is an organism that eats secondary consumers; they are often top predators in a food web.

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What is an energy pyramid?

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An energy pyramid is a graphical representation of the energy flow in an ecosystem, showing the amount of energy available at each trophic level.

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How much energy is typically transferred from one trophic level to the next?

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Typically, only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, with the rest lost as heat.

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What is an abiotic factor?

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An abiotic factor is a non-living component of an ecosystem, such as sunlight, water, temperature, and oxygen.

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What is a biotic factor?

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A biotic factor is a living component of an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.