Experimental Design Review

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What is an Experiment?

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An experiment is a study in which the researcher manipulates one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

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What is an Observational Study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes and records behavior or outcomes without manipulating any variables.

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What is Random Assignment?

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Random assignment is the process of assigning participants to different groups in an experiment randomly, ensuring that each participant has an equal chance of being placed in any group.

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What is a Sample?

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A sample is a subset of a population selected for observation and analysis, used to make inferences about the entire population.

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What is a Population in research?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn through research.

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What is the purpose of a Control Group?

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A control group is used in experiments to provide a baseline for comparison, helping to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

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What is the Independent Variable?

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The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is the Dependent Variable?

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The dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What is a Hypothesis?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.

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What is Bias in research?

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Bias refers to any systematic error in the design, conduct, or analysis of research that can lead to incorrect conclusions.