Transcription vs. Translation

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to assemble a sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Front

Where do you find a codon?

Back

A codon is found as a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA.

Front

What type of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What role does tRNA play in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the matching amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the function of rRNA?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of nitrogenous bases (A, T, G, C) in DNA.

Front

What is the relationship between DNA, mRNA, and proteins?

Back

DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins.

Front

What happens to mRNA after transcription?

Back

After transcription, mRNA exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm for translation.

Front

What is a ribosome?

Back

A ribosome is a cellular structure that facilitates the translation of mRNA into proteins.