DNA & Protein synthesis

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) serves as a template for protein synthesis by carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain during translation.

Front

What is rRNA and its function?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis. It helps to catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

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What is the process of transcription?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA. It occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

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What is the process of translation?

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Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is a stop codon?

Back

A stop codon is a nucleotide triplet within mRNA that signals the end of translation, indicating that the protein synthesis is complete.

Front

What is the complementary mRNA sequence to the DNA strand AACTGAA?

Back

The complementary mRNA sequence is UUGACUU.

Front

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

Back

The amino acid represented by the codon UUA is Leucine.