Unit 4 DNA, Mutations, & Protein Synthesis Exam Review

Front

What part of the DNA codes for our traits?

Back

The nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G) are responsible for coding our traits.

Front

What type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence?

Back

Deletion is a type of mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What amino acid does the codon UUG code for?

Back

UUG codes for the amino acid LEUcine.

Front

In RNA, which base pairs with Adenine (A)?

Back

In RNA, Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U).

Front

What is a POINT mutation?

Back

A POINT mutation is a type of mutation that involves a change in a single nucleotide, commonly referred to as a substitution.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially altering the amino acid sequence.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.