Flashcard 9 - Earth & Space

Front

What is the hardest known natural material?

Back

Diamond

Front

What is the general term for fuels that come from the ancient remains of once-living things?

Back

Fossil fuels

Front

What type of sedimentary rock is crafted from mechanical sediments?

Back

Clastic sedimentary rock

Front

What are the hard, round sedimentary rock structures called that form when minerals crystallize around a mineral fragment?

Back

Concretions

Front

What is the most abundant sedimentary rock on Earth?

Back

Shale

Front

Define sedimentary rock.

Back

Sedimentary rock is formed by the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles.

Front

What are the three main types of sedimentary rocks?

Back

Clastic, chemical, and organic sedimentary rocks.

Front

What is the process of lithification?

Back

Lithification is the process of turning sediments into solid rock through compaction and cementation.

Front

What is the difference between clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks?

Back

Clastic rocks are formed from fragments of other rocks, while chemical rocks form from the precipitation of minerals from solution.

Front

What is the significance of shale in geology?

Back

Shale is significant as it is the most abundant sedimentary rock and often contains fossils.