Biology EOC - Practice Exam

Front

What is transcription in biology?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). It occurs in the nucleus and is the first step in gene expression.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What amino acid is coded by the start codon AUG?

Back

The start codon AUG codes for the amino acid Methionine (Met).

Front

What is jet propulsion in mollusks?

Back

Jet propulsion is a method of movement used by some mollusks, such as squids, where water is expelled from the body to propel themselves quickly through the water.

Front

What is the function of a dichotomous key?

Back

A dichotomous key is a tool used to identify organisms by answering a series of questions that lead the user to the correct name of a given item.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction.

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to divide and replicate, including interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M).

Front

What is commensalism?

Back

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

Front

What is the role of the substrate in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Back

The substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts, binding to the enzyme's active site to form an enzyme-substrate complex.

Front

What is the difference between predator/prey and commensalism?

Back

In a predator/prey relationship, one organism (the predator) benefits by consuming the other (the prey), while in commensalism, one organism benefits and the other is unaffected.