Unit 4 Review

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). It occurs when warmer, less dense fluid rises and cooler, denser fluid sinks, creating a circulation pattern.

Front

What determines the temperature of a substance?

Back

The speed of the molecules in a substance determines its temperature. Faster molecules mean higher temperature.

Front

What are energy transformations?

Back

Energy transformations occur when energy changes from one form to another, such as from potential energy to kinetic energy.

Front

What energy transformations occur when rubbing hands together?

Back

The energy transformations are chemical energy (from food) to mechanical energy (movement) to thermal energy (heat).

Front

What is the conversion of energy from potential to kinetic?

Back

Potential energy is stored energy based on position, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion. When an object moves from a higher position to a lower position, it converts potential energy to kinetic energy.

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. It occurs when faster-moving molecules collide with slower-moving ones, transferring energy.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves. It does not require a medium, so it can occur in a vacuum.

Front

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature?

Back

As temperature increases, the pressure of a gas also increases if the volume is constant, due to increased molecular movement.

Front

What is mechanical energy?

Back

Mechanical energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in an object. It is the energy associated with the motion and position of an object.

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It is related to temperature and the state of matter.