Unit 2 Review SE

Front

How do environmental factors influence gene activation in a cell?

Back

Environmental factors can influence gene activation by affecting the transcription of DNA to mRNA, which is necessary for the translation into proteins.

Front

What is a defining property of cancer cells?

Back

Cancer cells undergo unregulated cell division, which distinguishes them from normal cells.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for TTAACCGG?

Back

The complementary strand is AATTGGCC.

Front

During which phase of the cell cycle are DNA errors most likely to occur?

Back

DNA errors are most likely to occur during the S phase of the cell cycle.

Front

Why can cells in the body differentiate into various specialized cell types?

Back

Cells can differentiate because each cell type expresses different genes at different times.

Front

What is transcription in the context of gene expression?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What role do proteins play in cellular functions?

Back

Proteins perform a variety of functions including catalyzing biochemical reactions, providing structural support, and regulating cellular processes.

Front

What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase is significant because it is when DNA replication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

Front

How do mutations affect gene function?

Back

Mutations can alter the sequence of DNA, potentially leading to changes in protein structure and function, which can affect cellular processes.

Front

What is the difference between normal cells and cancer cells in terms of growth?

Back

Normal cells grow and divide in a regulated manner, while cancer cells grow uncontrollably.