The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Flashcard
•
Science
•
9th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a chromosome?
Back
A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a chromatid?
Back
A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome. After DNA replication, each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids joined at a region called the centromere.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a centromere?
Back
A centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together. It plays a crucial role during cell division.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a centriole?
Back
A centriole is a cylindrical organelle found in animal cells that helps in the formation of the spindle fibers during cell division.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What happens during prophase?
Back
During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle apparatus begins to form.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What happens during metaphase?
Back
During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What happens during anaphase?
Back
During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers towards opposite poles of the cell.
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